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Flight habits of the alfalfa seed chalcid, Bruchophagus roddi Guss. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae)
Authors
Frank E. StrongO. G. Bacon
J. R. Russell
Authors Affiliations
Frank E. Strong was Assistant Professor of Entomology and Assistant Entomologist in the Experiment Station, Davis; O. G. Bacon was Professor of Entomology and Entomologist in the Experiment Station, Davis; J. R. Russell was Laboratory Technician II, Department of Entomology, Davis.Publication Information
Hilgardia 35(1):1-12. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v35n01p001. September 1963.
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Abstract
The flight habits of the alfalfa seed chalcid, Bruchophagus roddi Guss., were studied using natural field populations and reared insects which were radioactively marked. A minimum temperature of 70°F and a minimum light intensity of 0.2 Langley was found necessary for sustained flight. In a favorable host area, the chalcids dispersed only a few hundred yards within a few days. The movement of chalcids in a breeze less than about 5 mph was both upwind and downwind. In stronger winds, movement was predominantly downwind. The data obtained suggest that when a host area dries or otherwise becomes a nonhost area, the chalcids fly upwards where they encounter the stronger winds and rapidly leave the area. Marked chalcids were recovered 4,100 feet downwind of a release point; others were observed to survive 16 days in the field.
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