Midges associated with California rice fields, with special reference to their ecology
      (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Darby, R

Midges associated with California rice fields, with special reference to their ecology (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Author

Rollo E. Darby

Author Affiliations

Rollo E. Darby was Formerly Research Assistant in Entomology, University of California, Davis. Now Assistant Professor of Life Science, Sacramento State College, Sacramento.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 32(1):1-206. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v32n01p001. January 1962.

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Abstract

Abstract does not appear. First page follows.

Introduction

According to(Jones et al. (1950))3 rice was first grown commercially in California in 1912. Until recently this crop was apparently free of insect pests. As indicated by (de Ong (1922)) and (Lange et al. (1953)) there were occasional outbreaks of the rice leaf miner (Hydrellia griseola Fallen) in 1922 and 1953. In 1959 a potential rice pest, the rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel), was discovered in the northern part of the Sacramento Valley. Most of the work combining entomology and rice culture in California, however, has been concerned with the problem of mosquito breeding in rice fields.

Although chironomids have long been recognized as the predominant insects in and about rice fields, it was not until 1953 that plant injury by midge larvae was reported. At this time, severe damage to rice seeds and young seedlings by feeding of the larvae was observed in the Stockton area. Sporadic evidence of injury by the larvae was noted again in 1954, but losses were less than in 1953.4

The scarcity of information concerning the Chironomidae in California, as well as the indication that some species were of economic importance in rice culture, served as the stimulus for the present investigation which was begun in 1955. The objectives were to determine which species were actually inhabitants of rice fields, the ecological niche or role they occupied, and their effect on the rice plants. The field work, which extended through the summer

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Also in this issue:

With grateful acknowledgement

Projections of California crop production to 1985

Hot water in milking parlors: A study by the Dairy Energy Committee of Fresno, Kings, and Tulare counties

Control of Botrytis fruit rot in strawberry

Establishing asparagus plantations with seedling plants

The movement and toxicity of preplant soil fumigants for nematode control: Preplant fumigations with 1, 3-D nematicides

Preplant fumigations of planting sites

Selection of preplant fumigation

Practical methods of evaluating soil fumigations

Donations