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The absorption of ions by citrus and walnut seedlings
Authors
A. R. C. HaasH. S. Reed
Authors Affiliations
A. R. C. Haas was Assistant Plant Physiologist in Experiment Station; H. S. Reed was Professor of Plant Physiology and Plant Physiologist in Experiment Station.Publication Information
Hilgardia 2(4):67-106. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v02n04p067. October 2026.
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Abstract
Abstract does not appear. First page follows.
I. Introduction
This paper is a discussion of experiments on the exchange of ions between solutions and citrus and walnut seedlings, and is intended to extend our knowledge of certain problems in nutrition. The highly important role of the ions entering the cells of a plant has long been recognized, but the dynamics of the process are far from being understood.
Previous papers from this laboratory have been concerned chiefly with the study of the effects of salts on the growth and composition of the plant; this paper will deal with the ionic exchange as affected by growing plants. Our work has dealt chiefly with citrus and walnut seedlings which we have found to be very favorable for experimentation.
II. Technic of Handling the Cultures
A. Citrus Seedling Cultures
The seedlings were germinated in moist sphagnum moss and allowed to grow until the roots were 5 to 10 em. long. Before placing the seedlings in the cultures the testa was taken from the cotyledons; the roots were dipped momentarily in distilled water and inserted into holes in tin lids placed on beakers containing the culture solution.
V. Literature Cited
Breazeale J. F. Response of citrus seedlings in water cultures to salts and organic extracts. Jour. Agr. Res. 1919. 18:267-274.
Breazeale J. F. The absorption of carbon by the roots of plants. Jour. Agr. Res. 1923. 26:303-313.
Cranner Hansteen. Beiträge zur Biochemie und physiologie der Zellwand und der plasmatischen grenzschichten. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 1919. 37:380-391.
Hoagland D. R. The absorption of ions by plants. Soil Sci. 1923. 16:225-246. DOI: 10.1097/00010694-192310000-00002 [CrossRef]
Hoagland D. R. The effect of the plant on the reaction of the culture solution. Calif. Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Paper. 1923. 12:1-16.
Redfern Gladys. On the absorption of ions by the roots of living plants. I. The absorption of the ions of calcium chloride by pea and maize. Ann. Bot. 1922. 36:167-174.
Reed H. S., Haas ARC. Studies on the effects of sodium, potassium, and calcium on young orange trees. Calif. Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Paper. 1923. 11:1-32.
Reed H. S., Haas ARC. The effect of hydroxyl-ion concentration on the growth of walnut roots. Amer. Jour. Bot. 1924. 11:78-84. DOI: 10.2307/2435489 [CrossRef]
Reed H. S., Haas ARC. Nutrient and toxic effects of certain ions on citrus and walnut trees with especial reference to the concentration and pH of the medium. Calif. Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Paper. 1924. 17:1-75.
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