Phycomycetous mycorrhizal organisms collected by open-pot culture methods

Gilmore, A

Phycomycetous mycorrhizal organisms collected by open-pot culture methods

Author

A. E. Gilmore

Author Affiliations

A. E. Gilmore was Specialist in Pomology in the Experiment Station, Davis.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 39(4):87-105. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v39n04p087. May 1968.

PDF of full article, Cite this article

Abstract

Phycomycetous mycorrhizal organisms, Endogone sp., were collected and maintained on strawberry roots in open-pot cultures by three methods: (1) transfer of a field-grown plant to a pot of steamed soil; (2) growing a strawberry runner for a time in potted, unsterilized field soil, followed by transplanting to steamed soil; and (3) inoculation of a strawberry runner in steamed soil with field-collected roots. After the mycorrhizae were well developed, extramatrical spores or vesicles were taken from the pots, disinfected, and used to establish permanent cultures on strawberry plants grown from runners in steamed soil. Eight morphologically different cultures were found among the 19 established. Six cultures are described.

Literature Cited

Barrett J. T. Observations on the root endophyte Rhizophagus in culture. Phytopathology. 1947. 37:359-60.

Barrett J. T. Isolation, culture, and host relation of the phycomycetoid vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal endophyte Rhizophagus. Recent Adv. in Bot. 1961. 2:University of Toronto Press. p. 1725-27.

Butler E. J. The occurrences and systematic position of the vesicular-arbuscular type of mycorrhizal fungi. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1939. 22:274-301. DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(39)80052-3 [CrossRef]

Daft M. J., Nicholson T. H. Effect of Endogone mycorrhiza on plant growth. New Phytologist. 1966. 65:343-50.

Dangeard P. A. Le Rhizophagus populinis Dangeard. Botaniste Ser. 1900. VII:285-91.

Dowding E. S. Endogone in Canadian rodents. Mycologia. 1955. 47(1):51-57.

Dowding E. S. Ecology of Endogone. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1959. 42(4):449-57.

Gerdemann J. W. Relation of a large soil-borne spore to phycomycetous mycorrhizal infections. Mycologia. 1955. 47(5):619-32. DOI: 10.2307/3755574 [CrossRef]

Gerdemann J. W. A species of Endogone from corn causing vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza. Mycologia. 1961. 53(3):254-61.

Gerdemann J. W. The effect of mycorrhiza on the growth of maize. Mycologia. 1964. 56(3):342-49. DOI: 10.2307/3756675 [CrossRef]

Gerdemann J. W. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae formed on maize and tulip tree by Endogone fasciculata. Mycologia. 1965. 57(4):562-75.

Gilmore A. E. A soil sampling tube for microbiology. Soil Sci. 1959. 87(2):95-99. DOI: 10.1097/00010694-195902000-00006 [CrossRef]

Godfrey R. M. Studies on British species of Endogone. III. Germination of spores. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1957. 40(2):203-10.

Ham Angela M. Studies on vesicular-arbuscular endophytes. IV. Inoculation of species of Allium and of Lactuca sativa with Pythium isolates. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1962. 45(2):178-89.

Harley J. L. The biology of mycorrhiza. 1959. London: Leonard Hill [Books] Limited. 184p.

Hawker Lillian E., Harrison R. W., Nichols Valerie O., Ham Angela M. Studies on vesicular-arbuscular endophytes. I. A strain of Pythium ultimum Trow. in roots of Allium ursum L. and other plants. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1957. 40(3):375-90.

Kanouse B. B. Studies of two species of Endogone in culture. Mycologia. 1936. 28:47-62.

Koch H. Untersuchungen über die Mykorrhiza der Kulturpflanzen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Althaea officinalis L., Atropa belladonna L., Helianthus annus L., und Solanum lycopersicum L. Gartenbauwissenschaft. 1961. 26(8):5-32.

Mosse B. Fructifications associated with mycorrhizal strawberry roots. Nature (London). 1953. 171:974 DOI: 10.1038/171974a0 [CrossRef]

Mosse B. Fructifications of an Endogone species causing endotrophic mycorrhiza in fruit plants. Ann. Bot. Lond., N. S. 1956. 20:349-62.

Mosse B. The regular germination of resting spores and some observations on the growth requirements on an Endogone sp. causing vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1959a. 42(3):273-86.

Mosse B. Observations on the extra-matrical mycelium of a vesicular-arbuscular endophyte. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1959b. 42(4):439-48. DOI: 10.1016/S0007-1536(59)80044-9 [CrossRef]

Mosse B. Experimental techniques for obtaining a pure inoculum of an Endogone sp., and some observations on the vesicular-arbuscular infections caused by it and other fungi. Recent Adv. in Bot. 1961. 2:1728-32. University of Toronto Press.

Mosse B. The establishment of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza under aseptic conditions. Jour. Gen. Microbiol. 1962. 27:509-20. DOI: 10.1099/00221287-27-3-509 [CrossRef]

Mosse B. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza: an extreme form of fungal adaptation. Symposia of The Society for General Microbiology. No. 1963. XIII: London: Cambridge University Press. Symbiotic Associations

Nicholson T. H. Mycorrhiza in the Gramineae. I. Vesicular-arbuscular endophytes, with special reference to the external phase. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1959. 42(4):421-38.

Ohms R. E. A flotation method for collecting spores of a phycomycetous mycorrhizal parasite from soil. Phytopathology. 1957. 47(12):751-52.

Peyronel B. Prime ricerche sulle micorrize endotrofiche e sulla microflora radicicola normale delle Fanerogame. Riv. Biol. 1923-24. 5(4):463-85. 6(6) 17-53

Peyronel B. Le Endogone quali produttrici di micorrize endotrofiche nelle Fanerogame alpestri. Nuovo G. Bot. Ital. N. S. 1937. 44(3):584-86.

Stevenson Greta. Growth of seedlings of some pioneer plants and micro-organisms associated with their roots. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 1964. 47(3):331-39.

Thaxter R. A revision of the Endogoneae. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. Sci. 1922. 57(12):291-346. DOI: 10.2307/20025921 [CrossRef]