Host-determined morphological variations in Lecanium corni

Ebeling, W

Host-determined morphological variations in Lecanium corni

Author

Walter Ebeling

Author Affiliations

Walter Ebeling was Assistant Entomologist in the Experiment Station.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 11(11):613-631. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v11n11p613. September 1938.

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Abstract

Abstract does not appear. First page follows.

Introduction

The effect of the host species on the insect phenotype may be said to be: (1) physical, when the host causes the insect to develop structurally to conform to certain structural peculiarities of its own, and (2) physiological, when, consumed as food, it affects certain physiological and morphological characteristics of the insect.

The physical effect is exemplified in the case of sessile insects, such as scales, by distortions of bodily forms induced by their living in furrows in the bark or by their adapting themselves to parts of plants which do not allow for normal expansion and growth.

Another physical effect of the host is that which influences the size of certain insects because of limitations in the amount of available food, owing to the nature of the host species. Thus, insects infesting seeds, such as certain weevils, may develop to only a small fraction of their normal size because the seeds of the host species which they happen to infest are too small to afford adequate nourishment for normal development. The same may be said of parasites attacking insect-host species of different sizes.

The physiological effect of the host, according to the foregoing classification, is exemplified by certain morphological variations of Lecanium corni Bouché on its different host species, which will be discussed at length. L. corni was selected for this work because it presents such a conspicuous variety of forms on its various hosts.

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