Fruit-bud and flower formation in the sultanina grape

Winkler, A; Shemsettin, E

Fruit-bud and flower formation in the sultanina grape

Authors

A. J. Winkler
E. M. Shemsettin

Authors Affiliations

A. J. Winkler was Associate Professor of Viticulture and Viticulturist in the Experiment Station; E. M. Shemsettin was Delegate of the Turkish Government for the study of viticulture in California.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 10(15):589-611. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v10n15p589. May 1937.

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Abstract

Abstract does not appear. First page follows.

Introduction

The fruiting habit of the Sultanina4 grape has required the development of special cultural methods to secure satisfactory crops. These methods, however, are based solely on empirical field observations. An anatomical study of the buds should reveal the differences in fruiting habit of this variety as compared with other varieties and might lead to the development of better cultural practices. The specific objects of this study were to determine (1) the time at which fruit-bud differentiation occurs in the Sultanina, (2) the fruitfulness of the individual buds from the basal to the 20th bud, (3) the rate at which the cluster primordia develop in buds at different positions on the canes, (4) the extent of development of the cluster primordia by the end of the growing season, and (5) the sequence and rate of development of the inflorescences after growth starts in the spring.

Review of Literature

Former studies of grape-bud anatomy have dealt with the differentiation and early development of the fruit buds and to a less extent with the later stages of flower development. These studies, consisting primarily of field experiments, throw little light on the subject in question. Although Goff⁽⁸⁾5 presents considerable data on the initial stages of bud differentiation of different deciduous fruit trees, he simply states that in the grape the embryonic flower is discernible in the autumn prior to blooming.

Literature Cited

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[2] Baranov P. Zur Morphologie und Embryologie der Weinrebe. Ber. Deut. Bot. Gesell. 1927. 45:97-114.

[3] Barnard C., Thomas J. E. Fruit bud studies: II. The Sultana. Differentiation and development of the fruit buds. Jour. Council Sci. and Indus. Research (Australia). 1933. 6:285-94.

[4] Berlese A. N. Studi sulla forma, strutta, e sviluppo del seme nelle Ampelidae. Malpighia. 1892. 6:293

[5] Colby D. S., Tucker L. R. Growth and fruit production studies in the grape. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Proc. 1926. 25:210-16.

[6] Dorsey M. J. Pollen development in the grape with special reference to sterility. Minnesota Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 1914. 144:1-49.

[7] Goebel K. Organography of plants 1905. p.707. (See specifically Part II, English ed. Oxford, Clarendon Press. p. 435.)

[8] Goff E. S. Investigations of flower buds. Wisconsin Agr. Exp. Sta. Rept. 1901. 18:304-16.

[9] Keffer A. C. The fruiting habit of the grape. Tennessee Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 1906. 77:36-46.

[10] Partridge N. L. Relation of blossom formation in the Concord grape to current season conditions. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Proc. 1929. 26:261-64.

[11] Pearson Helen M. Parthenocarpy and seed abortion in Vitis vinifera. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Proc. 1932. 28:169-75.

[12] Perold A. I. A treatise on viticulture 1927. p.696. p. (See specifically p. 38.) The Macmillan Co., New York

[13] Sartorius O. Zur Entwicklung und Physiologie der Rebblüte. Angew. Bot. 1926. 8:29-89.

[14] Snyder J. C. Flower bud formation in the Concord grape. Bot. Gaz. 1933. 94:771-79. DOI: 10.1086/334346 [CrossRef]

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Morphology of the flower and fruit of the loquat