The cyclamen mite, Tarsonemus pallidus, and its control on field strawberries

Smith, L; Goldsmith, E

The cyclamen mite, Tarsonemus pallidus, and its control on field strawberries

Authors

Leslie M. Smith
Earl V. Goldsmith

Authors Affiliations

Leslie M. Smith was Junior Entomologist in the Experiment Station; Earl V. Goldsmith was Technical Assistant, Division of Plant Pathology.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 10(3):53-94. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v10n03p053. March 1936.

PDF of full article, Cite this article

Abstract

Abstract does not appear. First page follows.

Introduction

During the past several years, strawberry fields in California have shown an increasing decadence, until, at the present time, a commercial planting may be expected to produce a crop of fruit for two years, or in some cases only one year, and then become commercially unproductive. This is strikingly in contrast with the conditions which existed 15 or 20 years ago, when, according to reports, strawberry plantings produced crops for 4 to 6 years. This decadence may be caused by one or more relatively obscure factors, of which the most important is, no doubt, in certain varieties at least, the virus disease known as yellows or xanthosis. In addition, strawberries suffer from accumulation of salts in the surface soil, and from root diseases of obscure etiology. Recently Thomas (1932) has discovered that the causal agent of a hitherto puzzling wilt disease is a fungus belonging to the genus Verticillium. Among the animal parasites of strawberries are the cyclamen mite, red spider, the strawberry root-worm, white grubs (larvae of various scarabaeid beetles), the stem nematode, the root-knot nematode, and aphids. The most important economically of these parasites of strawberries at the present time is the cyclamen mite, Tarsonemus pallidus Banks.

Literature Cited

Banks N. Tarsonemus in America. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 1898. 4:294-96. 1 fig

Darrow G. M. The cyclamen mite (Tarsonemus pallidus) as a field pest of the strawberry plant. U. S. Dept. Agr. 1928. p.2. 2 figs. (Mimeo.)

Doucette C. F., Baker W. W. Indications of a control measure for Tarsonemus pallidus Banks, on strawberry. Jour. Econ. Ent. 1932. 25(2):417-18.

Dustan A. G., Matthewman W. G. Some notes on the cyclamen mite (Tarsonemus pallidus Banks), a pest of strawberry plants. Ent. Soc. Ontario. Sixty-second Ann. Rept. 1932. 1931:34-37.

Ewing H. E., Smith Floyd F. The European tarsonemid strawberry mite identical with the American cyclamen mite. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 1934. 36:267-68.

Ferdinandsen C., Lind J., Rostrup Sofie. Oversigt over Havebrugplanteernes Sygdomme i 1916 og 1917 [Report on insect pests and diseases of the orchard in 1916 and 1917]. Tidsskr. Planteavl. [Copenhagen]. 1919. 26:319

Garman P. Tarsonemus pallidus a pest of geraniums. Maryland Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 1917. 208:327-42. 13 figs

Harmsen E. E. Ondersozk Naar de Oorzaak van Ziekteverschijnselen bij Aardbeien [Study of disease symptoms on strawberries]. Tijdschr. Plantenziekten. 1934. 40:137-52.

Hodson W. E. H. Strawberry pests and diseases: The hot-water treatment. Fruit-Grower, Fruiterer, Florist and Market Gardener. 1933. 75(1938):167-68.

Mackie D. B. Heat treatments of California fruits from the standpoint of compatability of the Florida process. California State Dept. Agr. Mo. Bul. 1931. 20:211-18. 1 fig

Massee A. M. Occurrence of a tarsonemid mite upon the cultivated strawberry in England. Gard. Chron. (ser. 3). 1930a. 87(2250):110-11. 1 fig

Massee A. M. The tarsonemid mite of strawberry. Jour. Pomol. and Hort. Sci. 1930b. 8:305-308. 1 pl

Massee A. M. Further observations on the strawberry tarsonemid mite (Tarsonemus fragariae). Zimm East Malling Research Sta. Ann. Rept. 1932. 1933. 210:117-31. 3 pls

Massee A. M. Investigations on the control of the strawberry tarsonemid mite. East Malling Research Sta. Ann. Rept. 1934. 1933:181-87. 1 fig

Morstatt H. A new enemy of the strawberry in Germany. Deut. Landw. Presse. 1908. 35:379

Moznette G. F. The cyclamen mite. Jour. Agr. Research. 1917. 10:373-90. 2 pls

Munger F. Investigations in the control of the cyclamen mite (Tarsonemus pallidus Banks) 1933. Minnesota Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bul. 1933. 93:1-20.

Naumann A. Erdbeerkulturen durch eine Milbe gefahrdet [Strawberry culture endangered by a mite]. Kranke Pflanze [Dresden]. 1924. 1(7):134-36. 4 figs

Osterwalder A. Die Kräuselkrankheit der Erdbeeren [The crinkle disease of the strawberry]. Schweiz. Ztschr. Obst. u. Weinbau. 1928. 37(23):395-98. 1 fig

Ross W. A., Caesar L. Insects of the season 1928 in Canada. Ent. Soc. Ontario. Fifty-ninth Ann. Rept. 1929. 1928:7-38.

Savzdarg E. E. The strawberry mite and its control in the Moscow Government [Russian with English summary.]. Sad i Ogorod [Moscow]. 1928. 3:1-12. 3 figs

Schoyen T. H. Beretning over skadeinsekter och plantesgdomer i land og havebruket, 1913. Ann. Rept. 1914. 1913:31-58. 17 figs

Smith Floyd F. The cyclamen mite and the broad mite and their control. U. S. Dept. Agr. Cir. 1933. 301:1-13. 7 figs

Sprenger A. M. Selectie van aardbeien. Fruitteelt. 1930. 8:130-33.

Thomas Harold E. Verticillium wilt of strawberries. California Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 1932. 530:1-16. 4 figs

Zimmerman H. A new Tarsonemus species on garden strawberries. Bruno [Bruenn] Mohavské Zenské Museum Zeitschr. Mährischen Landesmuseum. 1905. 1905(5):91-103. 1 pl

Also in this issue:

California swine industry: Transportation costs, price differentials, alternative farm enterprises, among factors affecting state's swine industry

New air powered hand duster: Use of compressed air to fluidize dusts permits treatment of 7,000 square-foot-capacity glasshouse in less than half hour

Aphid damage to alfalfa hay: Honeydew of spotted alfalfa aphid apparently not distasteful to cattle but protein and carotene in damaged hay are reduced

Woolly apple aphid control: Upward and downward migration of aphid throughout trees reduced in preliminary experiments with chemical compounds

Control of cyclamen mite: Stocking test plots in new fields with natural enemies has given biological control on strawberries in first crop year

Control of walnut blight: Antibiotic and copper formulations tested in modified spray program in experimental plots in Sun Joaquin County

Walnut aphid studies in 1955: Experimental systemic aphicide OMPA has outstanding promise but more studies needed before release for commercial use

New roots on pine seedlings: Greenhouse tests with ponderosa pine seedlings indicate time of transplanting affects rooting ability of seedling

Sodium-calcium in young citrus: Ratio of sodium to calcium in the nutrient solution of sand cultures shown to affect mineral absorption and plant growth

Trifoliate orange seedlings: Effect of various soil chemical properties on growth of trifoliate orange seedlings in sandy and in loam soils