Bacterial canker of stone-fruit trees in California

Wilson, E

Bacterial canker of stone-fruit trees in California

Author

Edward E. Wilson

Author Affiliations

Edward E. Wilson was Assistant Plant Pathologist in the Experiment Station.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 8(3):83-123. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v08n03p083. December 1933.

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Abstract

Abstract does not appear. First page follows.

The gummosis phenomenon in trees of the genus Prunus has been much investigated since the early nineteenth century. Although many studies were primarily concerned with the origin and composition of the gum itself, some attention was paid to cause. In general, most investigators regarded climatic and soil factors as the cause of the gummosis. Apparently Brzezinski,⁽¹⁰⁾ working at Krakow in 1902, first attributed to bacteria a certain gumming cankerous disease of apricots, plums, and cherries. He claimed to have demonstrated the pathogenicity of these bacteria to their respective hosts, but neither named nor described them.

In 1905, Aderhold and Ruhland⁽¹⁾,⁽²⁾,⁽³⁾ found a bacterial canker disease, caused by Pseudomonas spongiosa, producing severe damage to cherries in Germany. Their work, which received wider recognition than that of Brzezinski, served to focus the attention of plant pathologists on the role of bacteria in producing gummosis of limbs and trunks of the stone-fruit trees; all types of this gummosis had heretofore been thought to result from purely physiological causes.

Griffin’s work,⁽¹³⁾ in 1911, definitely established the bacterial origin of a gummosis disease of cherry limbs in Oregon and also showed that the bacterium (Pseudomonas cerasus)4 produced a blighting of dormant buds.

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