Modes of curly-top transmission by the beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker)

Severin, H

Modes of curly-top transmission by the beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker)

Author

Henry H. P. Severin

Author Affiliations

Henry H. P. Severin was Associate Entomologist in Experiment Station.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 6(8):253-276. DOI:10.3733/hilg.v06n08p253. November 1931.

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Abstract

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A number of scientists have worked on the incubation period of the curly-top virus in the beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker), in which the infective principle passes into the mouth parts, alimentary canal, blood, salivary glands and out of the mouth parts in sufficient quantity to produce infection. It has been known for a long time that previously noninfective beet leafhoppers are able to transmit curly top in short periods after feeding on diseased beets. A number of theories have been published recently attempting to explain these short periods of curly-top transmission. A short review of the literature on this subject is given in the following paragraphs.

Smith and Boncquet⁽¹³⁾ state that not more than 3 hours of feeding were necessary to obtain the pathogenic factor, but that a period of at least 24 hours and not more than 48 hours must elapse before the insect could transmit the disease. These facts suggested to them that curly top was not transferred mechanically, but that some development or change took place within the body of the insect during the first few hours after feeding on a diseased plant.

Literature Cited

[1] Bacot A. W., Martin C. J. Observations on the mechanism of the transmission of plague of fleas. Jour. Hygiene, Plague Suppl. 1914. 3:423-439.

[2] Carsner E., Stahl C. F. Studies on curly-top disease of the sugar beet. Jour. Agr. Res. 1924. 28:297-319.

[3] Carsner E., Lackey C. F. Mass action in relation to infection with special reference to curly top of the sugar beet. Phytopath. 1929. 19:1137

[4] Carter W. A technique for use with homopterous vectors of plant diseases, with special reference to the sugar-beet leafhopper, Eutettix tenellus (Baker). Jour. Agr. Res. 1927. 34: p. 449-451.

[5] Carter W. An improvement in the technique for feeding homopterous insects. Phytopath. 1928. 18:246-247.

[6] Rand F. V., Pierce W. D. A coordination of our knowledge of insect transmission in plant and animal diseases. Phytopath. 1920. 10:189-231.

[7] Severin H. H. P. Minimum incubation periods of causative agent of curly leaf in beet leafhopper and sugar beet. Phytopath. 1921. 11:424-429.

[8] Severin H. H. P. Curly-top transmission experiments. Jour. Econ. Entom. 1922. 15:182

[9] Severin H. H. P. Incubation period. California Agr. Exp. Sta. Rept. 1923. 1922-23:127

[10] Severin H. H. P. Curly-leaf transmission experiments. Phytopath. 1924. 14:80-93.

[11] Severin H. H. P. California Agr. Exp. Sta. Rept. 1924. 1923-24:42

[12] Severin H. H. P., Swezy O. Filtration experiments of curly top of sugar beets. Phytopath. 1928. 18:681-690.

[13] Smith R. E., Boncquet P. A. Connection of a bacterial organism with curly leaf of the sugar beet. Phytopath. 1915. 5:335-342.

[14] Swezy O. Factors influencing the minimum incubation periods of curly top in the beet leaf hopper. Phytopath. 1930. 20:93-100.

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