Hilgardia
Hilgardia
Hilgardia
University of California
Hilgardia

Plant species provide vital ecosystem functions for sustainable agriculture, rangeland management and restoration

Authors

Valerie T. Eviner
F. Stuart Chapin

Authors Affiliations

V.T. Eviner is Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley; F.S. Chapin III is Professor, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska.

Publication Information

Hilgardia 55(6):54-60. DOI:10.3733/ca.v055n06p54. November 2001.

PDF of full article, Cite this article

Abstract

Plants respond to and change their environments, actively altering factors such as soil stability, nutrient and water availability, and the distribution of pests and beneficial organisms. By identifying the functions associated with different species and the effects they have on their ecosystems, managers can use plants as tools in agriculture, range management and restoration, since they will be able to choose plants more effectively and anticipate unintended consequences of vegetation changes. Because cover crops have been used in agricultural settings for years, much is known about their functioning and response to environmental conditions and management practices. Much less is known about plants in natural systems, yet this information can be critical to range management and restoration. We compare what is known about grassland plant functions in California by reviewing the extensive research that has been undertaken at the UC Hopland Research and Extension Center.

References

Brown CS. Restoration of California Central Valley grasslands: Applied and theoretical approaches to understanding interactions among prairie species. 1998. Ph.D. dissertation, UC Davis library.

Dahlgren R, Singer M, Huang X. Oak tree and grazing impacts on soil properties and nutrients in a California oak woodland. Biogeochem. 1997. 39(1):45-64. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005812621312

Evans R. Differential responses of three species of annual grassland type to plant competition and mineral nutrition. Ecology. 1960. 41(2):305-10. https://doi.org/10.2307/1930220

Franck V, Hungate B, Chapin FS III, Field C. Decomposition of litter produced under elevated CO2: Dependence on plant species and nutrient supply. Biogeochem. 1997. 36(3):223-37. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005705300959

Gordon D, Rice K. Competitive effects of grassland annuals on soil water and blue oak (Quercus douglasii) seedlings. Ecology. 1993. 74(1):68-82. https://doi.org/10.2307/1939502

Gordon D, Welker J, Menke J, Rice K. Competition for soil water between annual plants and blue oak (Quercus douglasii) seedlings. Oecologia. 1989. 79(4):533-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00378672

Hooper D, Vitousek P. The effects of plant composition and diversity on ecosystem processes. Science. 1997. 277(5330):1302-5. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5330.1302

Hungate B, Canadell J, Chapin FS III. Plant species mediate changes in soil microbial N in response to elevated CO2. Ecology. 1996. 77(8):2505-15. https://doi.org/10.2307/2265749

[IHRMP] Integrated Hardwood Range Management Program. Seventh progress report. 1998. UC DANR, http://danr.ucop.edu/ihrmp/7progress.html

Ingels C, Bugg R, McGourty G, Christensen L. Cover Cropping in Vineyards: A Grower's Handbook. UC DANR No. 3338 1998. 168.

Jones M. Effect of sulfur applied and date of harvest on yield, sulfate sulfur concentration, and total sulfur uptake of five annual grassland species. Agron J. 1963a. 55(3):251-4.

Jones M. Yield, percent nitrogen and total nitrogen uptake of various California annual grassland species fertilized with increasing rates of nitrogen. Agron J. 1963b. 55(3):254-7.

Jones M. Effect of applied sulfur on yield and sulfur uptake of various California dryland pasture species. Agron J. 1964. 56(2):235-7.

Jones M. Fertility studies reveal plant and soil needs. Cal Ag. 1976. 30(7):13-5.

Jones M, Evans RA. Botanical composition changes in annual grassland as affected by fertilization and grazing. Agron J. 1960. 52(8):459-61.

Jones M, Koenigs R, Vaughn C, Murphy H. Converting chaparral to grassland increases soil fertility. Cal Ag. 1983. 37(9-10):23-4.

Jones M, Street J, Williams W. Leaching and uptake of nitiogen applied to annual grassland clover-grass mixtures in lysimeters. Agron J. 1974. 66(2):256-8.

Jones M, Winans SS. Subterranean clover vs. nitrogen-fertilized annual grasslands: Botanical composition and protein content. J Range Manage. 1967. 20(1):8-12. https://doi.org/10.2307/3896281

Murphy AH. Watershed management increases rangeland productivity. Cal Ag. 1976. 30(7):16-21.

Pitt M, Burgy R, Heady H. Influences of brush conversion and weather patterns on runoff from a Northern California watershed. J Range Manage. 1978. 31(1):23-7. https://doi.org/10.2307/3897626

Rillig MC, Wright SF, Eviner VT. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and glomalin in soil aggregation: Comparing effects of five plant species. Plant & Soil. In press

Savelle G. Comparative structure and function in a California annual and native bunchgrass community. 1977. 276. Ph.D. dissertation, UC Berkeley library.

Shock C, Jones M, Williams W, Center D. Effect of sulfur fertilization on three annual range species. I. Laughlin soil experiment. Agron J. 1983. 75(3):515-20.

Eviner V, Chapin F. 2001. Plant species provide vital ecosystem functions for sustainable agriculture, rangeland management and restoration. Hilgardia 55(6):54-60. DOI:10.3733/ca.v055n06p54
Webmaster Email: sjosterman@ucanr.edu